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¡¡¡¡As the highest administrator of a university, the university president is the soul of the university, playing a determined role in and effect on the successful establishment of a university and its smooth running, innovation and development. Then, what is the soul of a university president? The answer is: EDUCATION IDEAS! That is, the president's rational recognition of education as a special social activity in his educational practice and the education ideas that he has formed and developed in his educational thinking. Human behaviors and its modes are usually the product of certain ideas, especially for those engaged in complicated mental work., whose behaviors and choices are the result of rational drive. The university president is the manager of a gigantic and complicated organization. His modes of management are closely related with his ideas university management. So, this paper focuses on the relation between the "the education ideas of university presidents "(i.e. classified variables: self-variables) and " the university management effects " (i.e. testable variables: factor variable), the proposed question being: what influence do the university president's education ideas have on university management and how is the influence exerted oupon the management? Undoubtedly, the influence will determine the effects of the university management. Centered on this topic, this research will further investigate the president's ideas of what a university is (i.e. his recognition of the value of university and education itself) and their influence on the university management. Next, it will make a research on the president's ideas of what a university teacher should be (i.e. the teachers' roles) and their influence on the university management. Next, it will study the president's ideas in university management (i.e. his basic views on the management development of the university) and their influence on university management. All these researches are aimed to arrive at a conclusion on the relation between the university president's education ideas and effects of university management. To sum up, the university president's education ideas are embodied in both their subjective initiatives, i.e. " what to manage" and their objective obstacles that are bound to encounter in the process of managing a university, i.e. "how to manage ". So, this research has both theoretical significance and practical significance. To make this research a universal case, this paper chooses the university and its president in the worldwide context as its research targets. As for the methodology of research, this paper pays special attention to: (1) the combination of foreign and China context in space (so that the conclusion will be inclusive and universal), (2) the combination of the present reality and the history in terms of time {so that the research conclusions are based on reliable facts}, (3) the combination of theory and practice in terms of research contents ( so that the research conclusions will serve as guidelines.), (4) the combination of multi-methodology based on different fields concerned in terms of research methodology ( so that the research conclusions are reliable as well as effective ).
This research consists of three parts.
Part I is made up of Introduction and Chapter One, which are the basic research of the whole paper. The Introduction is an explanation of the issues concerning the research on the "university president's ideas and university management ". Chapter One is a comprehensive and detailed discussion on the university president, education ideas and their levels, university president's education ideas and their features and influence on the university management. This basic research aims to illustrate the reasons of choosing the subject, clarify the basic concepts and their relations and discuss the general questions of a president's management of a university and his ideas in university management. Chapter One " The University President and His Education Ideas " covers (1) The Features and Functions of a University and its President, (2) The Definition of Education Ideas, (3) The President's Education Ideas and The Principles of University Management. Firstly, this chapter analyses the organic features of a university, which find expression in its complexity (complexity in activity, staff, structure, environment, etc.), diversity (diversity in functions, targets ), unity, openness, contradiction ( contradiction between university's ideals and social demands, elite education and mass education, freedom education and vocational education ,teaching and academic research , academic authority and administrative power , etc.). Secondly, this chapter points out the president's roles in " concept leadership", "Cultural choice", and "organic integration" in university management. Thirdly, this chapter discusses the principles of converting the president's education ideas into the management of university and comes to the conclusion of faith influence (view of the value of university management), target influence (the basic backup of university management), principle influence (basic demands of university management). Besides, this chapter deals with a rather difficult problem----- the definition of education ideas. As the kernel concept of this research, education ideas are frequently employed to show thinking activity in education, which means that this concept distinguished itself from other concepts and has captured the nature of matter, having an inclusiveness that can reflect the universal nature of various individuals of the same category. However, the term "education ideas" is usually accepted as " what education should be " and cannot be expressed explicitly. Despite of its formalistic universality and guidance, this concept is not fully understood nor is it clearly designated. Confused understanding of the concept leads to its extensive uses and even abuses. For example, some take such concepts that reflect the features of teaching activity and educator as part of the education activity; others even regards the tendencies of education development as education ideas, such tendencies as the globalization, popularization, industralization of education. This chapter defines the concept "education ideas "as following: (1) Education idea is a concept that means the educational subject observes on the education and its phenomenon. It is the production of rational recognition. It belongs to the basic category of educational philosophy. (2) Education ideas include the educator's bias towards "what education should be". It belongs to the concept of " Good education". (3) Although education ideas are not the reality of education, it stems from the educator's conscious reflection on the reality. So theoretically it reflects the educator's insight into the reality of education. (4) Education ideas contain a broad denotation that can reflect the general and universal concepts of such activity as education thinking. (5) Education ideas may guide the practice of education. Theses characteristics clearly defines the implication of the concept: education ideas are the education subject's rational recognition of and subjective demands for " what education should be " in the process of his thinking and practice in education.
The second part investigates the implication of "university ideas", "education target ideas", "teacher ideas", "university management ideas", based on the ideas of education levels proposed in Chapter One. Systematically it explores the influence of such ideas that a university president has on the management of university. The difficult point of this part is how to classify the education ideas according to the president's management of a university. To make the research reliable and the conclusion universal, this paper divides the university president's education ideas into four kinds according to the ontological and practical philosophy of education. They are: university ideas (what organization a university should be), university target ideas (what man/woman a university should cultivate), teacher idea (who are the subjects of a university and what roles should they play), university management ideas (how to manage a university). These ideas are logically and systematically knitted to form a very scientific, inclusive, and unified construction. This chapter thus focuses on the variable relationship between the university president's education ideas and the university management .It is the key part of the whole paper. Its main task is to illustrate what influence such education ideas would have on the university management and how the influence is exerted upon it.
Chapter Two "The Influence of University President's Education Ideas On University Management" includes (1) An analysis on the implications and levels of university ideas. (2) The ideas of a university's nature, place, function and their influence on the university management.(3) The philosophical base of university ideas and the misunderstanding of university ideas. The innovative contribution of this chapter lies in: (A) a demonstration of the nature of university ideas from the point of view of philosophy. University ideas are in fact the ideas of a university in people's mind, immersed with people's value bias towards "good university ". It belongs to the ontological research of a university. A president's university ideas will determine his choice of the university's orientation, responsibility and task. Hence a great influence on his management of the university. Different historical background, social background and personal background that a university president is situated in will certainly produce different education ideas and different modes of university management. (B) a proposal of the nature ideas (what a university should be ), place ideas ( what tasks and targets a university should have ) and function ideas ( what roles a university should have ) .Through a systematic research of these ideas , this chapter clarifies the nature of a university . Besides, the analysis of the philosophical base of university ideas is helpful for people to understand the causes and presence of different university ideas in the history. (C) a research on the misunderstanding of the university ideas in the contemporary China context .The research points out the vulgarity and singularity of university management and analysis their causes. Thus it is meaningful for the Chinese university presidents to borrow the results of this research to better guide and improve his university management.
Chapter Three "The University President's Education Target Ideas and the Cultivation of Students" includes: (1) The target of university education and its development, (2) The influence of a president's education target ideas on the cultivation of students, (3) The influence of a president's education target ideas on the contents and the methods of teaching .The education target ideas are concerned with what view a president has for a " perfect" or "ideal" man as well as his view of reality. It should be noticed that the president's education target ideas are different from the education target itself. The latter is characterized by its strong social demands, the former being the president's personal recognition of the education targets as well as the reflection of social demands in the minds of the president. Besides, education target is a whole and general demands for the cultivation of students, while the president's education target can be both the overall view of the cultivation of students and the individual emphasis on the cultivation of a special quality of the student. The university president's education targets strongly influence his understanding of the students cultivation, which are found in the design of majors, contents of teaching, teaching methodology, teaching principles, campus culture, etc. This chapter's innovative contribution lies in the research on the relation between the "The president's education target ideas and the cultivation of students. Among the president's target ideas, three ideas are convincedly expounded: " ideas centered on the moral cultivation ", " ideas centered on the students ", " ideas centered on the cultivation of humanity ". Innovations are also found in the proposal of establishing "teaching principles ", "competence training " and "environmental design ", through which a president can exert his influence on the teaching by his education target ideas.
Chapter Four " The University President's Teacher Ideas and the Management of Teacher " includes: (1) an analysis on the basic roles of university teachers, (2) a research on the president's teacher ideas and their practice, (3) the influence of the president's teacher ideas on the management of the teachers Teacher ideas are the basic view and recognition of the university president on teachers. The existence of the university is to meet social demands. As the basic elements of a university, the teachers are the most important forces that a university president must rely upon. The president's attitudes towards teachers will definitely have effects on the education quality and achievement of the university. This chapter generalizes the president's teacher ideas as the " soul " ( an emphasis on the subjective significance of the teacher , Zhu Kezhen), the "master " ( an emphasis on the quality of the teacher, Mei Yiqi ), and "permissiveness"( an emphasis on the demands and methods of employing teachers, Cai Yuanpei ). With many persuasive examples, this part further discusses the typical modes of teacher ideas and their influence on the president's management of teachers. This chapter also shows new opinions on and deep analysis of the functions of the president's teacher ideas in strengthening the academic authority of university, the respectability of the teachers in campus and the demands of quality for teachers.
Chapter Five "The University President's Management Ideas and the University Management " includes (1) the university president's ideas of the nature of the university, (2) the balance of academic authority and administration power, (3) the university autonomy and the university's internal management. The first point determines the targets and orientation of the university, having influence on the type, roles (including academic level) and feature of the university . The second point deals with the distribution relationship between the academic authority and the administrative power, which is determined by the academic nature of the university. In terms of the academic freedom, the advantages and disadvantage of the professor's management of university, this chapter provides a comprehensive and objective analysis and put forward a solution to balance the academic authority and the administrative power. The third point discusses the questions of university autonomy and the internal management of the university. The former deals with the relation of a university's independence and its openness; the latter is an analysis of the problems of quality management and efficiency management in the university. This part exposes the causes of confusion in internal management, i.e., the lack of quality control and economic management. As a solution for these problems, this part suggest the following remedies: democratic management, scientific management, target management, level management, standardization management, market-oriented management. These suggestions are very significant for the shaping the university president's management ideas.
The third Part is the conclusion of the research. Based on the investigation on some university president's education ideas and some typical case analysis of university management, this research arrive at three conclusions: (1) The significance of the president's education ideas for university management is embodied in the following four aspects: (a) only with education ideas can the president have an ideal of university management (b) only with education ideas can the president nurture the culture of university management (c) only with education ideas can the president shape an clear orientation of university management (d) only with education ideas can the president find a good remedy for university management. (2) The significance of a Good President requires that a university president should be an educator, scholar as well as moral model. The presidents are expected to be enterprising and have pioneering spirit, while possessing qualified knowledge of the laws of education and a high political consciousness. They should establish and perfect a system and process that is open to fair competition for the university presidency. The nomination and the process of nominating should be extensive, open to public legal and reasonable. (3) The significance of practicing the university president's education ideas requires that the president should be endowed with full autonomic power and enough term of presidency. This research discovers that the term of presidency is closely related with the achievements of university management: the longer the term is the greater the power of the president would be (such as USA); Presidents having greater achievements within the same university holds a longer term Presidents with great achievements have all enjoyed a relatively longer term of presidency. Given that the standards for selecting and employing university president keep unchanged, the longer the term is the greater the president's achievement will be. So this paper suggests that excellent presidents should not be bounded by the terms of presidency. A president with education ideas will achieve the greatest accomplishment.

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